Friday, October 16, 2009

Basic Human Anatomy

The human body is made up of many different organs that each have a specific role in maintaining the good health of an individual. The brain is involved in thought, reasoning and, in general, controling our actions; the heart pumps blood around our body supplying all the organs with essential nourishment; the lungs load our blood with oxygen that helps supply the energy we need to function; the stomach, kidneys, liver, intestine and bladder all function in unison to extract nutrients from our food and dispose of unwanted toxins. Each organplays an essential and unique part keeping us alive, see diagram below:
A diagram of the human body

Female reproductive anatomy


Female reproductive anatomy

Pelvic Anatomy


Pelvic Anatomy

Pelvic Anatomy
During this time of information gathering, there are a few terms that are helpful to know about pelvic anatomy. Understanding what each term refers to and its purpose can help you make the wisest decision.
Uterus: The uterus, sometimes called the womb, is a muscular organ located in the pelvis. It is approximately the size and shape of a pear. This is where a fetus is carried during pregnancy.
Endometrium: Endometrium is what makes up the inner lining of the uterus. It thickens in preparation for pregnancy and is shed by menstruation if pregnancy does not occur.
Ovaries: The ovaries contain all the eggs a woman will ever have in her lifetime. They release these eggs during ovulation each month to be fertilized. They also produce hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
Fallopian Tubes: The fallopian tubes connect the ovaries and the uterus. It is here that conception takes place. After conception, the fertilized egg will move down through the fallopian tubes to the uterus where it implants and grows.
Cervix: The cervix is the entrance into the uterus. It provides pelvic support and helps prevent prolapse. Recent studies have shown there is a connection between the cervix and sexual satisfaction due to its role in having an orgasm.
Vagina: This is the muscular tunnel extending from the cervix to the outside of the body. It is sometimes called the birth canal and is where penetration occurs during intercourse.









Female pelvis, vascular supply (Anatomy Figure 1)
Description of the image: Superior view of female pelvis and vascular supply.

References: IIA: Iliac internal artery; IEV: Iliac external vein; IEA: Iliac external artery; OvA: Ovary artery; OA: Obturator artery; ON: Obturator nerve; SVA: Superior vesical artery; UR: Ureter; FT: Fallopian tube; UA: Uterine artery; CA: Cervical artery; CVA: Cervicovaginal artery; LVA: Large vesical artery

Uterus blood supply, right vascular pedicle (Anatomy Figure 2)
Description of the image: Superior view of female pelvis, in detail right uterus vascular supply.

References: IIA: Iliac internal artery; EIV: external Iliac vein; IEA: Iliac external artery; OvA: Ovary artery; OA: Obturator artery; ON: Obturator nerve; SVA: Superior vesical artery; UR: Ureter; FT: Fallopian tube; UA: Uterine artery; CA: Cervical artery; CVA: Cervicovaginal artery; VA: Vesical artery; UC: Uterine cervix.

Female pelvis, vascular supply (Anatomy Figure 3)
Description of the image: Superior view of female pelvis and vascular supply.

References: LPIA: Left primitive iliac artery; RPIA: Right primitively iliac artery; IIA: Iliac internal artery; IEV: Iliac external vein; IEA: Iliac external artery; OvA: Ovary artery; OA: Obturator artery; ON: Obturator nerve; SVA: Superior vesical artery; UR: Ureter; FT: Fallopian tube; UA: Uterine artery; CA: Cervical artery; CVA: Cervicovaginal artery; LVA: Large vesical artery;

Female pelvis, uterus vascular supply (Anatomy Figure 4)
Description of the image: Superior view of female pelvis and vascular supply, in detail left side.

References: LPIA: Left primitive iliac artery; RPIA: Right primitive iliac artery; IIA: Iliac internal artery; IEV: Iliac external vein; IEA: Iliac external artery; OvA: Ovary artery; OA: Obturator artery; ON: Obturator nerve; SVA: Superior vesical artery; UR: Ureter; FT: Fallopian tube; UA: Uterine artery; CA: Cervical artery; CVA: Cervicovaginal artery; LVA: Large vesical artery;

Vagina, Blood Supply (Anatomy Figure 5)
Description of the image: Superior view of right side of pelvic floor. In detail vaginal arteries (VA) to originate on Pudenda internal artery (PI). Other: Ur: Ureter; VIE: External iliac vein; AIE: External iliac artery; PS: Psoas muscle.

Vagina, Blood Supply, Left view (Anatomy Figure 6)
Description of the image: Superior view of right side of pelvic floor. In detail vaginal arteries (VA) to originate on Pudendal internal artery (API). Other: Ur: Ureter; VIE: External iliac vein; AIE: External iliac artery; PS: Psoas muscle; No: Obturator nerve

Uterovaginal block, posterior view. (Anatomy Figure 7)
Description of the image: AVS: Superior vesical artery; UR: ureter; AU: Uterine artery; AV: Vaginal artery; CU: Uterine body; RP: Peritoneal fold; VA: Vagina.

Uterine artery and ureter cross anterior view. (Anatomy Figure 8)
Description of the image: In detail left uterine pedicle and left ureter





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Pralahir: Turunnya kepala bayi ke arah panggul disebut “pembukaan”. Pembukaan terjadi antara beberapa hari sampai beberapa minggu sebelum kelahiran, tergantung sudah berapa kali melahirkan.


Awal kelahiran: Pada tahap ini, uterus mengalami kontraksi yang tak teratur dengan intensitas sedang sampai keras. Selama kontraksi, kantung ketuban sewaktu-waktu bisa pecah.


Fase transisi: Ketika persalinan berlanjut, leher rahim berdilatasi (bertambah lebar), memudahkan bayi memasuki saluran lahir.


Fase Turun: Pada kelahiran yang normal, kepala keluar lebih dulu. Sebuah episiotomi mungkin diperlukan untuk melebarkan liang vagina.


Kelahiran: Setelah kepala keluar, bayi diputar untuk menuntaskan persalinan.


Tali pusar dipotong untuk memisahkan bayi dari plasenta (sesudah lahir).


Uterus berkontraksi kuat beberapa kali untuk mendorong plasenta keluar. Dokter atau perawat mungkin memijat perut anda untuk mempercepat lepasnya plasenta.


Plasenta keluar dengan tali pusar masih melekat. Dokter atau perawat akan memeriksa apakah plasenta sudah keluar semua.
diambil dari ::wyethindonesia::





1 comment:

  1. hai....anak.....kesehatan........ya....kau kulia dimana?????salam,kenal ya.........

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